The growth and cultivation stage of shiitake mushroom mycelium is mainly to do a good job in temperature control, oxygenation and post-ripening cultivation, so as to cultivate shiitake mushroom sticks with strong mycelium and strong resistance to miscellaneous (reversal).
1. Constant temperature culture
After the mushroom sticks are inoculated, they are promptly moved into the culture room for bacterial culture. The optimum temperature for mycelium growth is 15-25°C. When the temperature is lower than 15°C, the growth rate of shiitake mushroom mycelium slows down, and the germination time is prolonged, which increases the chance of infestation by diseases and insect pests. When the temperature is higher than 25°C, the mushroom mycelium grows faster, and the temperature inside the mushroom bag will reach 27-28°C. Affected by the high temperature, the mycelium will become fine and yellow, and the vitality will decrease, which will also increase the chance of infestation by diseases and insect pests. Therefore, the temperature in the cultivation room is controlled at 20-22°C. The constant temperature can not only ensure the robust growth of mushroom hyphae, but also prevent the increase of primordia, abnormal early fruiting, and excessive nutrient consumption due to temperature changes.
2. Scientific oxygenation
The growth of shiitake mushroom mycelium requires sufficient oxygen, and timely ventilation and oxygenation are required during the cultivation process. Bacteria sticks are generally punctured by hand or machine to increase oxygen. During the operation, it is necessary to pay attention to equipment, methods and post-processing, so as to avoid infestation by diseases and insect pests after puncturing. Before and after piercing, the piercing equipment needs to be wiped with alcohol and burned with flame. The puncture needle should not be too thick, and the puncture holes should not be too many and too deep, and it is advisable to intersect with two-way orifices. It is advisable to discharge the punctured bacteria sticks in a single layer, and leave gaps when stacking to avoid burning bacteria.
3. Post-ripening cultivation
After oxygenation, the mushroom sticks will gradually brown, the nodules will gradually increase, and the mushroom sticks will gradually mature. At this time, it is necessary to lower the temperature of the cultivation room by 1-2°C and control it at about 20°C; at the same time, adjust the light intensity to 500lx to lay a solid foundation for the transformation of mushroom sticks from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, and to accumulate sufficient nutrients and energy .
4. Drug prevention and treatment
After mushroom sticks are infected with miscellaneous bacteria, the effect of using drugs is not good and cannot be cured, or the cost of drugs is higher than the value of the sticks, so the prevention and treatment is of little significance. Therefore, for the bacteria sticks infected with miscellaneous bacteria, it is generally cleaned out of the culture room in time and buried or composted. For pests, physical control measures such as "insecticidal lamps and sticky yellow boards" are generally adopted, and no or less drugs are used as much as possible. When you really need to use drugs, you should choose low-toxicity and low-residue drugs that meet the requirements of green food standards.