1. Appropriate temperature
Ganoderma lucidum is a high-temperature fungus with a wide range of temperature adaptation. The temperature range for mycelium growth is 10-38°C, and the optimum temperature for mycelium growth is 25°C-28°C. Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies can grow and develop within the range of 10-33°C, but the most suitable temperature for primordium differentiation and fruiting body development is 25-28°C. Below 20°C, the hyphae tend to turn yellow and the growth of fruiting bodies is inhibited. When the temperature is higher than 38°C, the mycelia will die. Changes in temperature are not conducive to the differentiation and development of fruiting bodies, and it is easy to have a growth cycle of varying thickness, which will deform the bacterial coverage and affect the quality of Ganoderma lucidum.
2. Nutrients
Ganoderma lucidum is a saprophytic fungus and a facultative parasite. Its nutrition comes from carbohydrates and nitrogen-containing compounds. The ratio of carbon to nitrogen is about 22:1, and it also needs a small amount of mineral elements. Carbon sources include glucose, sucrose, starch, lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and the like. The nitrogen source mainly comes from protein, amino acid, urea, ammonium salt and so on. The stalks of most broad-leaved trees and plants such as sawdust, leaves, bagasse, and straw powder can be used as cultivation materials for Ganoderma lucidum. Ganoderma lucidum can grow and develop in pH3-7, and the pH value should be controlled at 4.5-6.
3. Adequate oxygen
Ganoderma lucidum is an aerobic fungus. The growth of hyphae needs oxygen, and the growth of fruiting body needs oxygen. When the CO2 content in the air is greater than 0.1%, the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum will develop abnormally or cannot open umbrellas normally. When the CO2 content is greater than 1%, the fruiting body will not develop normally.
4. High humidity
Reishi growth requires higher humidity. During the mycelial growth period, the water content of the culture is 55-60%, the relative air humidity is 65-70%, the water content of the substrate is 60-65%, and the relative air humidity is 90-95%. When the relative humidity of the air is less than 80%, the fruiting bodies are poorly developed. When the relative humidity of the air is less than 60%, after 2-3 days, the newly grown fruiting bodies will change from white to gray. Water is very important in all stages of Ganoderma development.
5. Sufficient light
The growth of Ganoderma lucidum is very sensitive to light, and the growth and development of mycelium do not need light. Sufficient light will inhibit the growth of mycelium. Under dark conditions, the growth of mycelium is white, strong and fast, but more scattered light is needed during the differentiation of fruiting bodies. Too strong or too weak light will affect the development of fruiting bodies, and the growth of fruiting bodies is light-oriented.